高一小班课程辅导 宫灿灿老师 讲义

高考必考语法知识点----感叹句

1.△What引导的感叹句的中心词是名词。该名词前常有形容词修饰，句中的主语和

谓语一般可省去。

★★★句型为：What＋(a / an)＋形容词＋名词＋（主语＋谓语）！ 

例如：

2. △How引导的感叹句的中心词是形容词或副词。

★★★句型为：How＋形容词／副词＋（主语＋谓语）！

例如：

高考必考语法知识点----宾语从句

一. 宾语从句的种类

宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。

1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语

和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：

He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.

She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.

I am sure (that) he will succeed.

2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：

Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?

He asked whose handwriting was the best.

Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?

I don’t know why the train is late.

3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：

I want to know if (whether) he lives there.

He asked me whether (if) I could help him.

二. 宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：

I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.

I think (that) you will like this school soon.

Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?

Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.

三. 宾语从句的时态

1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。

如：

I don’t think (that) you are right.

Please tell us where he is.

Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?

2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：

He asked what time it was.

He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.

He asked if you had written to Peter.

He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.

3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：

Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.

Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.

头脑风暴：短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之问交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；[来源:gkstk.Com]

    2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.

安徽六校联考38

Tom and Dick are next door neighbor who both work in same office. They often walk together to and from work. Once they were walking to home together while it suddenly started to rain. Tom quickly opened his umbrella and said proud, "My wife really has great foresight. She said this morning it would rain and tell me to carry my umbrella. "Dick smiled and walked up to her under the protection of the umbrella, said, "Mine has even great foresight. She didn't let me carry one as she knew you'd share yours to me."

第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用 1 括号中间词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填在答题卡标号为 31~40 的相应位置上。

There was once a clever but mean (吝啬的) businessman. One day he lost a bag _31________ (contain) a hundred pieces of gold. He was very _32________ (happy) and so put up posters all over town, offering ten gold coins as a reward to anyone _33________ would return it to him. 

_34________ a few days, a farmer came to him with the bag. He had found _35________ lying in his farm. The businessman counted the 100 gold coins and thanked the farmer for returning _36________ bag to him. 

The farmer now wanted the reward _37________ (promise) by the businessman. But the businessman said that he had already taken the reward, because originally there were a hundred and ten coins in the bag. The farmer now understood _38________ mean the businessman was. He therefore _39________ (go) to the judge. 

The judge at once understood that the businessman was dishonest. He said that _40________ the found bag contained only one hundred coins, it wasn’t the businessman’s and it belonged to the farmer now.

   查缺补漏 

第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 

St. Petersburg is a great city to visit all year round. But it is ___16___ beautiful in the summer when you can walk all night long, because, although the sun ___17___, it never gets dark. It’s a city that couldn’t be more ___18___ from Moscow. 

St. Petersburg was originally built as a ___19___ city, modeled on French and German cities, the opposite of Moscow which followed the ___20___ Russian design. Differences can be seen in the architecture, fashion and even___21___. In the 18th century, French was more ___22___ than Russian among rich people in St. Petersburg and many French words are still used by locals today. Just as was ___23___ by the city’s original designers, St. Petersburg is Russia’s window to Europe. Life in Moscow is ___24___ than life in the more relaxed St. Petersburg. In Petersburg you never need to ___25___. It’s much smaller than Moscow so people like walking everywhere, even during the ___26___ dark winter. 

People in St. Petersburg are more ___27___ than Moscow locals too. There is an old joke about this difference. One day, a young man ___28___ his seat to an old lady on a crowed Moscow train. The old lady said, “You must be from St. Petersburg.” “Yes. How did you know?” replied the man ___29___. The old lady said, “Moscow locals never give their seats.” The young man then said with a ___30___. “And you must be from Moscow, granny, because you didn’t say thanks when I gave your my seat.” 

16. A finally    B naturally    C especially       D immediately 

17. A sets      B climbs      C moves          D appears 

18. A distant    B absent      C separate         D different 

19. A typical    B European   C Asian           D northern

20. A traditional  B logical     C hopeful         D worthy 

21. A music     B art         C language        D history 

22. A popular    B famous     C interesting       D beautiful 

23. A forgotten   B supported   C invented         D planned 

24. A happier    B faster        C slower          D colder 

25. A work      B walk         C think           D hurry 

26. A long       B warm         C colorful         D exciting 

27. A hardworking     B devoted      C brave      D polite 

28. A sent            B offered      C led         D allowed 

29. A in silence        B in anger     C in surprise   D in hope 

30. A cry             B shout        C smile      D look 

书面表达 针对练 (一)　邀请信

题目要求

(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)

假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(paper­cutting)艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：

1．展览时间、地点；

2．展览内容。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

四步作文法

第一步　审题谋篇

1．体裁　邀请信

2．时态　一般现在时和将来时

3．人称　第三人称为主

第二步　要点要全

1．我是你的学生李华。

I'm_Li_Hua,_one_of_your_students.

2．我写信想邀请你参观中国剪纸艺术展。剪纸是中国的传统艺术形式之一，我确信你一定会喜欢剪纸。

I'm writing to invite_you_to_visit_the_paper­cutting_exhibition. Paper­cutting is one of_Chinese_traditional_art_forms_and_I'm_sure_you_will_like_it.

3．艺术展将在下星期六上午8点到11点在当地博物馆举行。

The exhibition will_be_held_in_the_local_museum_from_8：00_am_to_11：00_am_next_Saturday.

4．有一些著名的艺术家将当场表演如何剪纸。

There_are_some_famous_artists. They will perform_how_to_cut_paper_on_the_spot.

5．从全国各地收集的一些漂亮的剪纸艺术画将被展出。

Some beautiful paper­cutting works, which_were_collected_from_all_over_the_country,_will_be_on_show.

6．如果你喜欢，你也能参加剪纸活动。我相信对你而言将是一个令人难忘的经历。

If you like, you_can_also_join_in_paper­cutting. I'm_sure_it_will_be_an_unforgettable_experience_for_you.

7．盼望着收到你的来信。

I'm_looking_forward_to_hearing_from_you.

第三步　句式要美

1．句4合并升级为定语从句

There_are_some_famous_artists_who_will_perform_how_to_cut_paper_on_the_spot.

2．句5升级为过去分词作定语

Some_beautiful_paper­cutting_works,_collected_from_all_over_the_country,_will_be_on_show.

第四步　衔接要顺

One possible version：

Dear Henry，

I'm Li Hua, one of your students. I'm writing to invite you to visit the paper­cutting exhibition. Paper­cutting is one of Chinese traditional art forms and I'm sure you will like it.

The exhibition will be held in the local museum from 8：00 am to 11：00 am next Saturday. There are some famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot. Meanwhile, some beautiful paper­cutting works,  collected from all over the country, will be on show there. If you like, you can also join in paper­cutting. I'm sure it will be an unforgettable experience for you.

I'm looking forward to hearing from you.

Yours，

Li Hua

改写两用

这是根据本题目学生完成的一篇习作，文中有10处错误，请改正。

Dear Henry，

I am writing to invite you to take part in the Chinese paper­cutting art exhibition be held in the art gallery from 8：00 am to 11：00 am the next Sunday.

As is known for us, paper­cutting is a traditional art form in China, that has a history of more than 1,500 year. People often beautify theirs homes with paper­cutting during festivals and weddings. In this exhibition, you can see paper­cutting with all kinds of patterns. Beside, some famous artists will perform how to cut paper on the spot. I wish that you can grasp this opportunity to learn tradition Chinese culture further.

I'm looking forward to hear from you.

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua